CIVIL QA/QC INSPECTION

Dnyan Deshmukh

Staff member
From Quality Point of View means, we can check only for the conformity at the first.
1. material Inspection - We can prepare and execute the Inspection and Test Plan (ITP) in which for all Material required tests, their frequency and testing location along with the acceptable limit is shown - so anyone doing the work as per the approved ITP will satisfy the requirement of Quality Control for all Incoming materials at Project.

2. Lab Witness - If some tests are planned as witness in ITP at third party lab, one should have the checklist of points to be checked at the third party lab and record the data such as, calibration certificate review for the machine used, observing the process of testing for correctness as per procedure, recording the initial and final readings as required, taking the report from third party etc.

3. Review of the Document - when it come to checking the effectiveness of the implemented QMS system at project, best way is to do the Audits of the execution team where review of the retained documents along with maintained document is possible and more frequent Audit makes more effective QMS.
When it comes to review of the Document which defines the QMS - it can be done via taking the feedback from the execution team during the weekly or periodic Quality Progress review meetings. it can be done via observing the execution process is done according to documented process or not.
Document review can be like when there is need to change or when there are difficulties faced in execution or it can be a planned event just like self auditing.

4. Site Activity Inspection - Site inspections can be of two types
a) In Process Inspection - in this category the Quality Engineer normally does a random or planned inspections of ongoing activities to verify the process conformity with QMS. if there are any non-conformities were observed, normally NCR report is generated and the fixation of all such issues is easy with or without additional cost. actions are derived over observed NC's to prevent its recurrence and implementing "doing it right first time" approach.
b) Completed works - generally called as WIR (work inspection request) which are raised by execution team upon completing their works and marking it as a finished product ready for Quality Inspection. Here the Quality department does check all the required parameters and any observed NC's here are now termed as the Defects.
Fixation of the defect is possible but has higher rework cost compare to the NCR and sometimes the process owner might take decision to accept the defect and send the finished product further by overruling all, in such cases compromise product delivery to the customer might affect the Business, so one should need to do the Risk Assessment of such defects in case, if they plan to carry forward.
There are some direct risk which are tangible and can be assessed and might have mitigation plan.
Some risk are nontangible (Like Brand Value, Good Will etc.) so its actual evaluation is more like can be impractical as multiple stakeholders can have different opinion about it.


So for materials, need to follow ITP and for the most of the materials testing is done as soon as material is delivered at site.
Lab Witness - to be done as pert the ITP or when you have the doubt about the Quality of the material.
Document Review - can be done at any frequency, short frequencies yields in better documentation of retained as well as maintained documents.
Inspection - In-Process can be done Randomly, only care need to be taken that, we should not go more frequent to one particular location in a week, there has to be randomness in the random inspections which should be spread across the complete project for better sampling and analysis of data.
WIR can done only when we receive the request from execution where they mark their work as complete and calls Quality Department for final inspection, here whatever you observe is a defect which has high associated rework cost (Observing something done wrongly at completed product stage will delay the project by great time to rework the wrong thing which also has associated cost of material + manpower).

I hope this had given somewhat insights about what you asked in your question.
 
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