Columns :
Laps are advisable in areas where stresses are less which in the sketch is ideally Zone B, and preferably they should be STAGGERED.
Beams:
Top reinforcement in beam is lapped at mid-span as the beam does not experience any negative moment at midspan and so lapping is great in that region. In the case of bottom reinforcement it is lapped near the ends and again the same concept applies as there will be no positive moment at the ends of the beam.
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