Types of bricks for construction as per IS 1077
First class bricks
Those bricks are well burnt, having smooth and even surface, with perfect rectangular shape and uniform reddish color. When struck with other brick, these give a metallic ringing sound. These should not leave any mark when scratched by finger nail. These should not absorb water more than 20% of its weight when immersed in cold water for 24 hours. When broken into two pieces these should show a uniform compact structure. These show slight efflorescence. These are used for good structures such as outer walls and facing work when no plastering is done These are also used in floors and reinforced bricks slabs. Such bricks should be laid in rich mortar.
Second class bricks
These are not perfectly rectangular in shape and are having rough surface, but are hard, slightly over-burnt and uniform in color. These give ringing sound when struck with each other. Water absorption should not be more than 22% by weight, when immersed in water for 24 hours. These show slight efflorescence. These are used for internal walls, not exposed to atmosphere, these are used in facing work, which should be plastered. These cannot be used for R.B. work. Such bricks may be laid in mud or lime mortar.
Third class or Pila brick
These bricks are not burnt properly in the kilns and may be slightly under/over burnt. hence these are soft and can be easily broken. These are light red in color, with yellowish tinge. On striking, these do not given a ringing sound. These should not absorb more than 25% of water by weight when placed in cold water for 24 hours. Efflorescence in these bricks is moderate.
over burnt bricks.
Due to excess fusion and temperature bricks get over-burnt, loose their shape and get twisted. These bricks yet dark bluish in color. These bricks are not used in building construction work. In the from of broken pieces, these may be used as road metal, also in foundations and floors as soling material.
Tests for the Acceptance of Bricks for Building Construction
Dimensions and tolerances test.
This test is performed to know the accuracy of the dimensions of the bricks.
Procedure
First class bricks
Those bricks are well burnt, having smooth and even surface, with perfect rectangular shape and uniform reddish color. When struck with other brick, these give a metallic ringing sound. These should not leave any mark when scratched by finger nail. These should not absorb water more than 20% of its weight when immersed in cold water for 24 hours. When broken into two pieces these should show a uniform compact structure. These show slight efflorescence. These are used for good structures such as outer walls and facing work when no plastering is done These are also used in floors and reinforced bricks slabs. Such bricks should be laid in rich mortar.
Second class bricks
These are not perfectly rectangular in shape and are having rough surface, but are hard, slightly over-burnt and uniform in color. These give ringing sound when struck with each other. Water absorption should not be more than 22% by weight, when immersed in water for 24 hours. These show slight efflorescence. These are used for internal walls, not exposed to atmosphere, these are used in facing work, which should be plastered. These cannot be used for R.B. work. Such bricks may be laid in mud or lime mortar.
Third class or Pila brick
These bricks are not burnt properly in the kilns and may be slightly under/over burnt. hence these are soft and can be easily broken. These are light red in color, with yellowish tinge. On striking, these do not given a ringing sound. These should not absorb more than 25% of water by weight when placed in cold water for 24 hours. Efflorescence in these bricks is moderate.
over burnt bricks.
Due to excess fusion and temperature bricks get over-burnt, loose their shape and get twisted. These bricks yet dark bluish in color. These bricks are not used in building construction work. In the from of broken pieces, these may be used as road metal, also in foundations and floors as soling material.
Tests for the Acceptance of Bricks for Building Construction
- Before accepting the bricks for building construction, the following tests are generally performed.
- Dimensions and tolerances test
- Compressive strength test
- Water absorption test
- Efflorescence test.
Dimensions and tolerances test.
This test is performed to know the accuracy of the dimensions of the bricks.
Procedure
- Take twenty bricks out of the given samples.
- Remove loose particles of clay and small projections from the bricks.
- Arrange them on a level surface in contact with each other and in a straight line.
- Measure the overall length
