Well.....I'll answer
Sumit Civil question with an open-ended statement - It depends....
Question: What is this? Is this a temporary structure? Like a crane mat? Or a shoring tower base? Is the contractor building this for his own temporary use and plans to remove it later on? In that case, when a structural element is not being incorporated into the final work product and being poured as a temporary element, then "bank pouring" like this (no forms) wouldn't be the end of the world.
But, if this is permanent building footing, or a pad for a piece of machinery, then this is not proper technique. Think of this: How easy it would be for, by accident during the pour, the contractor knocked a chunk of earth into the wet concrete - then what? Now, you've got a problem on your hands. That's why concrete forms have been used for 100's of years....
Looking at the reinforcing: I see a couple of bricks under the mat, which is an acceptable manner of supporting rebar for an at-grade pour like this, but, there are way too few of them. Given the wide rebar spacing, you'd probably want to have a block at every intersection for support.