Graded aggregate means using different size of aggregates so as to have a uniform consistency in concrete. Different sizes of aggregate will fill the gap and achieve higher strength. If this property is achieved then your concrete is said to be plastic and it can be used for actual application.
In case of single sized coarse aggregate only 1 size of aggregate is used and voids between materials is more. It is used as compaction material at subgrade and sub-base level.
Kindly check on Page no 06, Table no 07 - it gives the percentage passing for single size as well as graded aggregates.
Clause number 6 of IS 383 gives the definitions of the single size and graded aggregates.
Table No 09 gives the passing limits for Fine Aggregates - which comes as a graded aggregates.
Table 10 gives the limits for All-in-Aggregate Grading - here i hope most of the construction site brings single size Coarse aggregates and while doing mix proportioning blending the Fine and Coarse aggregate to ensure it is within this table limiting values to achieve well grading.
Grading of aggerates are often decided based upon mix design to achieve a particular strength of concrete. A graded aggregate have different sized particles with suitable proportion so that the void becomes less. Whether a single sized aggregates contain all the particle of same size. This have no aim to achieve less void so.
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